用 n8n 自动分类 Gmail 邮件并用 Groq 起草回复

Gmail 触发 → 字段提取 → Groq AI 分析 → JSON 解析 → 高优先级告警 + Google Sheets 记录 → 条件性草稿回复

给谁

需要自动化处理大量 Gmail 收件箱、希望 AI 辅助分类摘要并预起草回复的用户

你会得到

新邮件到达后自动分类、提取关键信息、生成草稿回复；高优先级邮件即时告警，全部记录到 Google Sheets

你需要

n8n · gmail · google-sheets

步骤

1. 配置 Gmail 触发与内容过滤

   在 n8n 工作流中添加「Gmail Trigger」节点，设置轮询间隔为每分钟（pollTimes: everyMinute）。添加「If」节点（Check Email Content），条件为 {{ $json.text || $json.snippet }} 不等于空字符串，跳过无正文或摘要的邮件。

2. 提取邮件关键字段

   添加「Edit Fields (Set)」节点，映射以下字段：sender（发件人邮箱）、sender_name（发件人名称）、subject（主题，默认'(No Subject)'）、body（正文或摘要前 3000 字符）、email_id（邮件 ID）、received_date（接收时间）。

3. AI 分析与分类

   添加「AI Agent」节点（Email Analysis Agent），promptType 设为 define。在 text 字段填入用户提示词，在 options.systemMessage 填入系统提示词。连接「Groq Chat Model」子节点，模型选择 llama-3.3-70b-versatile，temperature 0.3，maxTokensToSample 2048。

   运行提示词 · 来源原文。AI Agent 节点的 text 字段（用户提示词）

   复制提示词

   =Analyze and categorize this email, then draft an appropriate response.
   
   FROM: {{ $json.sender_name }} <{{ $json.sender }}>
   SUBJECT: {{ $json.subject }}
   BODY:
   {{ $json.body }}
   
   Respond ONLY with valid JSON.

   运行提示词 · 来源原文。AI Agent 节点的 options.systemMessage 字段

   复制提示词

   You are an expert email assistant. Your job is to analyze incoming emails, categorize them by urgency and type, and draft professional responses.
   
   You MUST respond ONLY with valid JSON. No markdown, no code blocks.
   
   Required JSON structure:
   {
     "category": "One of: URGENT | ACTION_REQUIRED | FOLLOW_UP | FYI | NEWSLETTER | SPAM | PROMOTION | PERSONAL",
     "priority": "One of: HIGH | MEDIUM | LOW",
     "summary": "2-3 sentence summary of what this email is about",
     "key_asks": ["What the sender wants — each ask as a separate item"],
     "sentiment": "One of: positive | neutral | negative | frustrated",
     "requires_response": true,
     "suggested_response_time": "Respond within: 1 hour / 4 hours / 24 hours / 48 hours / No response needed",
     "draft_response": {
       "subject": "Re: original subject or new subject if needed",
       "body": "Professional, concise draft reply. Match the tone of the original email. If the email is a newsletter or promotion, leave this empty.",
       "tone": "The tone used: professional / friendly / formal / apologetic / enthusiastic"
     },
     "action_items": ["Any to-do items this email creates for you"],
     "labels_suggested": ["Suggested Gmail labels: work, personal, finance, travel, project-X, etc."]
   }
   
   Rules:
   - SPAM/NEWSLETTER/PROMOTION: set requires_response to false, draft_response body to empty string
   - URGENT: anything with deadlines within 24hrs, payment issues, or critical requests
   - ACTION_REQUIRED: needs you to do something but not time-critical
   - FOLLOW_UP: someone following up on a previous conversation
   - FYI: informational, no action needed
   - Draft responses should be concise (under 150 words)
   - Never be sycophantic in drafts — be professional and direct
   - If the email is in a non-English language, respond in the same language
   - Extract ALL action items, even implicit ones

4. 解析 AI 输出并验证

   添加「Code」节点（Parse AI Analysis），运行 JavaScript 代码解析 AI 返回的 JSON。先尝试 JSON.parse，失败则尝试提取 markdown code block 或 regex 匹配 {…}，仍失败返回 parse_status: failed。成功则标准化输出所有字段（category, priority, summary, key_asks, sentiment, requires_response, suggested_response_time, draft_subject, draft_body, draft_tone, action_items, labels）。

   运行提示词 · 来源原文。Parse AI Analysis 节点的 jsCode 字段

   复制提示词

   const items = $input.all();
   const output = items[0].json.output;
   
   let parsed;
   try {
     parsed = JSON.parse(output);
   } catch (e) {
     const jsonMatch = output.match(/```(?:json)?\s*([\s\S]*?)```/);
     if (jsonMatch) {
       try { parsed = JSON.parse(jsonMatch[1].trim()); } catch (e2) { parsed = null; }
     }
     if (!parsed) {
       const objMatch = output.match(/\{[\s\S]*\}/);
       if (objMatch) {
         try { parsed = JSON.parse(objMatch[0]); } catch (e3) { parsed = null; }
       }
     }
   }
   
   if (!parsed) {
     return [{ json: { parse_status: 'failed', error: 'Could not parse AI analysis' } }];
   }
   
   return [{
     json: {
       parse_status: 'success',
       timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
       sender: items[0].json.sender || '',
       sender_name: items[0].json.sender_name || '',
       original_subject: items[0].json.subject || '',
       email_id: items[0].json.email_id || '',
       category: parsed.category || 'FYI',
       priority: parsed.priority || 'LOW',
       summary: parsed.summary || '',
       key_asks: Array.isArray(parsed.key_asks) ? parsed.key_asks.join('; ') : '',
       sentiment: parsed.sentiment || 'neutral',
       requires_response: parsed.requires_response || false,
       suggested_response_time: parsed.suggested_response_time || '',
       draft_subject: parsed.draft_response?.subject || '',
       draft_body: parsed.draft_response?.body || '',
       draft_tone: parsed.draft_response?.tone || '',
       action_items: Array.isArray(parsed.action_items) ? parsed.action_items.join('; ') : '',
       labels: Array.isArray(parsed.labels_suggested) ? parsed.labels_suggested.join(', ') : ''
     }
   }];

5. 优先级判断、告警与记录

   添加「If」节点（Check Parse Success）验证 parse_status 为 success。成功后进入「If」（Evaluate Priority Level）判断 priority 是否等于 HIGH：是则触发「Gmail」节点（Send High Priority Alert）发送 HTML 告警邮件到指定地址；无论优先级如何，都通过「Google Sheets」节点（Append to Google Sheets）追加记录到「Email Log」工作表。

6. 条件性创建草稿回复

   Google Sheets 记录后，添加「If」节点（Assess Reply Necessity）判断 requires_response 是否为 true。为真时触发「Gmail」节点（Draft Gmail Reply）以 createDraft 操作创建草稿回复；为假时流程结束。

你正在搭建一个 n8n 工作流，用于自动监控 Gmail、用 Groq AI 分类邮件并起草回复。请按以下顺序确认你已准备好：1) Gmail OAuth2 凭证（读取+草稿权限）；2) Groq API 密钥；3) 可选的 Google Sheets 凭证与 Sheet ID。然后导入 workflow JSON 或按步骤手动创建节点，重点检查 AI Agent 的 systemMessage 与 Parse AI Analysis 的字段映射是否匹配下游 If 条件。